Gastric Banding Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Gastric Banding, including details on laparoscopic gastric banding, stomach stapling, gastric bypass, risks, diet.

Surgery for Obesity: Panacea or Pandora's Box?

Pannala R, Kidd M, Modlin IM

Department of Internal Medicine, Bridgeport Hospital/Yale University, Bridgeport, Conn., USA.

Background: Given the increasing prevalence of obesity, healthcare providers should be cognizant of various non-operative (diet, exercise, behavior therapy, and medications) and operative obesity treatments. This review critically evaluates these treatments, especially bariatric surgeries. Methods: Medline analyses using a combination of the following terms: obesity, bariatric surgery, and outcomes were performed with particular emphasis on prospective studies and randomized trials. Results: Non-operative treatments result in modest sustained weight loss (5-8%) at one year. Surgery is recommended for those with BMI >40 or >35 with comorbidities. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, a restrictive procedure, causes 35-54% excess weight loss (EWL) at 1 year. Malabsorptive procedures (biliopancreatic diversions with and without duodenal switch) induce 72-77% EWL but are only performed at few centers. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, acting through a combination of restriction and malabsorption, results in 69% EWL at 1 year and 49% at 14 years. Each procedure is associated with unique anatomic and nutritional complications. Overall, operative treatment improves comorbidities and may improve all-cause mortality. Conclusions: Surgery is an effective long-term treatment for selected obese patients who have failed other treatments. Further research is needed on prospective comparisons of procedures, evaluation of long-term outcomes, especially between centers and increasingly unrealistic patient expectations. Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Published 25 April 2006 in Dig Surg, 23(1): 1-11.
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